Category Archives: Hunger

The Race to Grab Farmland

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“But land is land, and it’s safer than the stocks and bonds of Wall Street swindlers.” —- Eugene O’Neill, “Long Day’s  Journey Into Night

Today, though, land is not safe anymore as the increasing population, volatility of food prices and leveling off of yield is leading to a global rush to grab farmland before it runs out. Investors, agribusinesses and governments  are buying up land mostly in less developed areas where the population can be easily displaced as land records are not easily available. Some of these may be communal lands , held in trust over centuries so when they are taken over, the community is displaced and scattered and deprived of a livelihood.

Recent reports show that approximately 203 million acres of land has been acquired and the top land grabbers include the UK, the USA, China and Saudi Arabia. In Cambodia, about 55% of  the arable land is now under the control of agribusiness and foreign investors.  The investors who make these deals often make promises about providing employment to local workers or introducing new technology but these are seldom fulfilled. And what  about the actual crop that is grown? Chances are it would not be the traditional crop but one that is destined solely for export. In one case, Saudi Arabia decided to grow sorghum in Sudan, not for the Sudanese market where it is a food item, but for consumption by camels in their own country. As the decisions regarding crop choices changes, this might take food choices out of the market and exacerbate the problem of hunger in already vulnerable populations.

Last year’s drought in the US brought home the importance of water, a fact that will only become more evident as we deal with the impact of climate change. Land grabs also put this resource out of the public domain and into the hands of private investors. This presents a daunting challenge for poor rural populations depending on farming for a living. In future, they might have to pay extra for drinking and irrigation water.

How did we get here? Perhaps the first step was the morphing of agriculture into big business, the disconnect between profit and the provision of food on the table, and the second was the sad collusion of corrupt governments and predatory investors.This trend toward land grabs poses a grave challenge to food and livelihood security in the countries and communities where it occurs and also impacts what people elsewhere can put on their plates and how much they have to pay for it.

How Coke Makes Orange Juice

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Is anyone surprised by the news that Coca Cola’s Simply Orange product is somewhat different from slicing an orange and squeezing it? It seems that Coca Cola uses an algorithm (apparently also used by Delta to balance its books!) to prepare the juice, blending different batches to ensure uniformity of taste. The whole process is described as efficient and of course, for the consumer, very convenient.

Why is this story deemed unusual? Was anyone really expecting that what comes out of the carton is not subject to any processing at all? That is only possible if we prepare the juice ourselves by simply slicing and squeezing. This is the lack of clarity on the consumption side that I find mystifying. If we want convenience from a carton and we want it to be at a low price, then we will get processed juice. It is not exactly the same that we would get at home where the fresh burst of citrus flavor hits you as lift the glass to drink, but that would take some planning to ensure we have oranges to hand and a few more seconds to prepare than it takes to open a carton. We make our choice: time or convenience, both together are not possible and demanding that is unrealistic.

This much I can say, once you start with freshly squeezes juice, you will not want to pick up that carton! For this who have never tried it, this is how easy it is:squeezer

 

 

 

 

A Time to Reflect

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This week something rare happened in the world. Something that is rare  not just in the world of food, but in our lives in general. Mark Lynas, best known for his environmental work, announced that his anti-GMO position has been a mistake. He said that once he had actually read the research and investigated for himself he concluded that food policy should include genetic modification of crops. This is really rare: reflection on a position and the recognition in public that the position was a mistake and changed.

Most of the coverage on GMOs is negative and is often presented in a way that stirs fear in the minds of consumers, the most recent example being the Seralini rat study. Most of us also do not have the time to read up on the scientific research ourselves, but it does not follow that a technology that is difficult to access is dangerous. There is overwhelming evidence to support the case that GMOs are safe to use. I present a link here and will be happy to provide more in case you wish to research further.

The debate on this issue will continue but, (as has been noted here, and also here, and here) at least it can be conducted in a framework of facts, logic and reason rather than fear.

 

 

Wishlist for a New Food System

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The din around the fiscal cliff grows louder every day, perhaps it is time to raise our voices to ask an important question: what happened to the  Farm Bill?  There has been some debate about the food stamp program or debate on genetic modification of crops but what if we resolved to start over, from a blank sheet and set up the food system that would benefit both producers and consumers and be prepared for dealing with climate change. Here are some of the things on my wish list for a better food system:

1. Better food choices at home:  while the awareness about eating “local” is  laudable , everything cannot be grown locally so if we find ourselves buying “local” tomatoes while stocking up on snow shovels, it means that we are buying produce that requires greater resources  because it is being produced out of season. Instead, let us try to eat in season, experiment with produce that actually grows in this season and expand our culinary abilities. Also, if a food producer has to sell only locally they might either not be able to meet demand (in which case  we would have to go without) or is left with a surplus which does not sell and he cannot ship it elsewhere because of the insistence on local food. Most of us in the food debate consider the consumer’s point of view. Let us also hear what the farmer thinks.

2. Change agricultural practices: adapting to climate change is not just about producing food under a different set of weather conditions, it should also be about using better farm practices like growing trees on farms to prevent soil erosion and sequester carbon, preserving biodiversity, green manure among an array of  possibilities.

3. A  fair food system: let us recognize the hard work that goes into producing our food;  long hours in all kinds of inclement weather often involving hazardous chemicals and equipment. The number of people ready to do this is small and yet we do little to bring in those who are ready to work in this area. We need to provide a decent life and dignity of work for immigrant workers on American farms.

And when we go to a restaurant and are happy to see that the food is “local” and “sustainable” and the chef has so many stars, let us also think about the restaurant worker. If you want to know if your server or cook is being paid a fair wage or get paid sick leave, there is now an app for that!   

4. Renew rural life: when it is openly stated that there is a disconnect between urban and rural communities with the latter being isolated and cut off from the mainstream, it is crucial to take action. Farmers today are older and fewer in number than before and as they become less able to farm the land, farms may be sold off to urban property developers or be purchased by large farms. To create a vibrant farm sector, it should be made easier for younger people to farm, offering financial aid or improving infrastructure where needed.

5. Plate and Planet:  every time we make a food choice let us think not just of how it will be on our plate but how it will impact the planet.  A recent study shows how yields of major crops are falling, and preparedness to deal with climate change is hardly robust so when we push a certain technology or practice, let us consider the global situation as well. Changing tastes in America might lead to positive change here but global hunger and access to food should also be considered.

And, finally, in this, as in other debates, let us be civil with those who disagree. Perhaps this wish list will remain just that: wishes, but can we at least resolve to stop name calling on Internet discussion forums because someone disagrees with us on a point of policy? We are all people,  no one is a “shill”.

Of Looming Cliffs and Melting Ice

The last of the turkey leftovers are gone and we are now fully awake from the food coma to find, according to the incessant media coverage, that we are hanging off a cliff and in danger of plunging into catastrophe. Hopefully we can claw our way back. But while those involved in solving this do their best headless chicken act, another drama is unfolding in Doha where the climate change conference is being held. There, also, all is sound and fury and we watch in disbelief as no action emerges to tackle a challenge to the planet and the people who inhabit it. And while the debate rages on regarding the placement of the comma goes on the communique that communicates less and obfuscates more, everything that we put on the table to give thanks is threatened, yes,everything  including the wine. 

What, one wonders, would make the urgency on this matter obvious? Perhaps a video of  the melting Arctic ice that will allow ships to navigate through this area for the first time? Or perhaps they might need to consider the information in these handy charts?

Climate change is going to have a major impact on a food system that is already under pressure. How will we meet this challenge if we are going to pretend it does not even exist?

Turkey Time!!

It’s that time of the year when thoughts turn to turkeys, cranberries and travel arrangements. While you prepare to enjoy a day of feasting and fun with the family , please remember to give thanks for the farmers and workers who make it possible to load up our tables with such an abundant meal. Also, a thought for how we grow our food, and a heartfelt wish for those who are still stranded and without power from Hurricane Sandy.

It’s not all about the food, though. There are other traditions, like the recounting of past turkey day disasters, the nosy relative wanting to know about relationship updates, or the walk after gorging on the meal. Whether your Thanksgiving is an intimate one or a fancy gathering at a hotel,  have a wonderful, fulfilling Thanksgiving!

And in case  you were wondering, this is why your turkey is cheaper at this time than the rest of the year!

Getting Used to a Changing Climate

We may not agree on why the climate is so unstable, or who caused it , or even how to tackle it but the fact that it is happening can no longer be ignored. Yes, bad weather has been recorded in the past but all the events are now more unpredictable and destructive. Around the world, farmers are trying to deal with this new uncertainty in weather conditions. Food producers are opting to grow a different set of crops and consumers too will have to adapt their diets accordingly.

Now, considering that Congress just let the Farm Bill drop while they got on with the more important of election politics, there is a sense that putting in place policies to enable the food system to deal with climate change is going to be a difficult process. Those going in to vote next week might consider this as they choose the people who will be responsible for determining how we tackle this challenge.

 

“Is there enough planet for all of us?”

That is the question posed at the beginning of the Global Hunger Report released today by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). The report examines the issue of hunger  framed by conditions prevalent today; such as increasing pressure on resources like land, water and energy, demographic changes pushing the planet’s population towards 9 billion by 2050, climate change and institutions and policies that are falling short of their goals.

To make the food system more sustainable, the report recommends a more efficient and careful use of resources, end to subsidies, investment in education and meeting the challenge of climate change, among others. Most of this is frequently discussed but the political will to make it happen often falls short. Everyone needs to get involved in whatever way they can to push for these changes.

The report does conclude, that,  yes, there is enough planet for us all, we just have to make smart and thoughtful choices.

 

Bonus Pumpkins!!

It often seems like all news is dreary news: unstable climate, drought, food price rise, presidential debates which do not even mention any of these issues, the list goes on. However, today there is a very bright, orange ray of hope. Apparently pumpkins love the dry weather so this year we are blessed with a bumper crop. What is really important, though,  is what we do with that crop. For one thing, it would be nice to enjoy the fun of carving one jack o lantern but be careful not to waste too many in this way while there are kids going to bed hungry every night.

This might also be a good point to embrace seasonal eating and try out delicious new recipes. After all, the pumpkin is versatile and can go into everything from soup to dessert, and the roasted seeds are awesome as well. It is also rich in fiber and Vitamin A and low in calories so, really good for us. If you are wondering if the kids will take to it, let me share my story: mine were quite young and they totally believed me when I told them that eating pumpkin would give them magical powers which would come in handy when all the spooky creatures were out on Halloween! That will not work for the tweens but there must be at least one out of the 41 described here,  that will please those picky palates.

Coffee By Any Other Name…

It feels like Fall; a little nip in the air in the mornings, wisps of mist, kids jumping in small piles of leaves, pumpkin displays at the grocery store. There is also another marker of Fall, a relatively new one: Starbucks starts offering the Pumpkin Spice Latte! And apparently, some people are so devoted to it that a shortage has created much misery and this news made it to the front page of  The Wall Street Journal.Some might wonder what all the fuss is about, it’s only a drink, just coffee with a different sounding name.

Also, the fact that this celebration of a seasonal flavor basically comes from a prepared syrup added to the drink in the store (there is also an instant version) made me think how complex is our relationship to food: we get all worked up about a flavor of syrup while many of us would most likely feel lost if faced with an actual pumpkin. Most of our dealings with that big orange vegetable are limited to carving out a monster face and, perhaps, toasting the seeds. Yet it comforts us to think that somewhere there is a patch of earth awash in very orange pumpkins glowing in the autumn sun….and we want to capture that feeling in our morning drink. So, no, a coffee by any other name would not be just as good!